Python – Thomas Churchman

Nix is a great tool to set up development environments. It allows us to have simultaneous installations of various versions of tools—such as Python—required for our projects. This means Nix makes it easy to have Python 2.7 installed for one project, and Python 3.6 for another. Projects using the same Python version can have different Python packages.

Of course, Python’s VirtualEnv also enables us to do this. Nix, however, is more powerful. It can handle all our system’s packages; not just Python’s. This means it enables us to hold different versions of any dependency. For example, if one project requires a specific version of OpenCL and another project requires an incompatible version, VirtualEnv won’t help us. Nix will.

There are many Python packages, and to install one such package through Nix requires it to be available in the Nix package repository. Understandably, not all Python packages are packaged for Nix—and those that are, often are not the newest version, nor at some other specific version we require.

We can use Nix to provision a Python environment for our project that works similarly to VirtualEnv’s. We can then use pip to handle such per-project Python dependencies, allowing us to grab Python packages directly from the regular Python package repositories without going through Nix. This also allows us to quickly get to work with others’ Python projects that are not set up to work with Nix.

When developing applications in Django, the need might arise to customize the user model. Specifically, you might want to create different types of users. In my case, I’m interested in creating a person user and a kit user. A person user can own multiple kit users, and both need to be able to authenticate to access an API. Luckily, Django’s authentication system is very flexible, and there are multiple ways to achieve this goal.

The standard way to implement this is to stick with the default user model, django.contrib.auth.models.User, and create a complex user profile. The profile adds the desired fields and behaviors for the various user types in a new model, and links to the model through a field reference. This can get fairly complex quickly. It is especially difficult to express ownership of kits by users, without allowing ownership of users by users. Here, we will see how we can implement this using inheritance. The code samples are for Django 1.11.

Continue reading “Creating Multiple Custom User Types Through Inheritance in Django”

Thomas Churchman

Science and Code

Tag: Python

Using Nix to Create Python Virtual Environments

Creating Multiple Custom User Types Through Inheritance in Django